山空天入海,倚楼望极,风急暮潮初。一帘鸠外雨,几处闲田,隔水动春锄。新烟禁柳,想如今、绿到西湖。犹记得、当年深隐,门掩两三株。
愁余。荒洲古溆,断梗疏萍,更漂流何处。空自觉、围羞带减,影怯灯孤。常疑即见桃花面,甚近来、翻笑无书。书纵远,如何梦也都无。
这是一首HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zengyou/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>赠友词。HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/kaitou/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>开头三句写极目远望之景。近处,则是一幅HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chunyu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨催种的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/tianyuan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>田园HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/tuhua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>图画。“新烟禁柳”转而遥想杭州临近清明时的景象,“荒城”三句折回眼前情事,勾出书远梦无的沉痛HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/changwang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怅惘。全词一气呵成,时空组接,道尽HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/youzi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>游子客中的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shangchun/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>伤春HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shangbie/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>伤别之情。
这首词是作者客居江阴时,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhuiyi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>追忆杭州旧游之作。上片以景出情,由此及彼,点出HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sinian/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思念杭州HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xihu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>西湖HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/moijing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>美景之意。先写远景,起二句为倒装句,“HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山空入海”,及“倚楼望极”所见。HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山耸春空,天登HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/dahai/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>大海,起势十分壮阔。“一帘”三句写HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨中春耕的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/nongcun/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>农村HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风光,清丽生动。HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shenghuo/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>生活气息很浓。“想”字是关键,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chujingshengqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>触景生情,引出下文。下片自伤HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jilu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>羁旅HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/piaobo/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>漂泊,抒HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/huairen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怀人之情。前半化用桃梗与沈约两个HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/diangu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>典故写自己的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/piaobo/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>漂泊与瘦弱,“长疑”以下HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jieshi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>揭示主旨,点明HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/huairen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怀人之意。先写认为很快可见到HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/lianren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>恋人。结果没有见到。不但不见人,反而连信也没有;既然没有信便退一步,想做梦见一见,可是连梦也做不成,层层转折,越转越深,且又是人常历之HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shenghuo/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>生活情境,故极有HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yishu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>艺术感魅力。张炎本是贵HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/gongzi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>公子,世代HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shenghuo/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>生活在杭州,家中有园林声伎。宋亡之后家资丧尽,四处HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/piaobo/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>漂泊,杨缵曾称他为“佳HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/gongzi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>公子,穷诗客”。故其对杭州有特殊的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情。全词由眼前之景HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/lianxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>联想到HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xihu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>西湖之景,再由自己之HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chousi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>愁思而想到HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xihu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>西湖之HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/lianqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>恋情,娓娓道来,意脉清晰,层次井然。是词林艺苑之佳作。