霜树重重青嶂小,高栋飞云,正在霜林杪。九日黄花才过了,一尊聊慰秋容老。
翠色有无眉淡扫。身在西山,却爱东山好。流水极天横晚照,酒阑望断西河道。
这首词写HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhongyang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>重阳节后,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/denggao/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>登高HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yinjiu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>饮酒,面对HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shenqiu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>深秋HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/bangwan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>傍晚的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jingse/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>景色,排遣HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sixiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思乡HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/huairen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怀人的愁怀。“九日黄HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花”,指阴历九月九日HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhongyang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>重阳节,正是菊HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花盛开、HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yinjiu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>饮酒赏菊的季节。HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhongyang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>重阳节历来有HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/denggao/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>登高的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/fengsu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风俗,唐代著名诗人王维的七绝《九月九日忆HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山东HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xiongdi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>兄弟》就是因HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhongyang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>重阳节HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sinian/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思念HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jiaxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>家乡的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/qinren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>亲人而作:“独在HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yixiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>异乡为异客,每逢佳节倍HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/siqin/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思亲。遥知HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xiongdi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>兄弟HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/denggao/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>登高处,遍插茱萸少一人。”赵可这首词中说“九日黄HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花才过了”,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhongyang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>重阳节才过,却又HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/denggao/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>登高HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yinjiu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>饮酒,作者说是“一尊聊慰秋容老”,似乎是为了抚慰秋光。但从词的收尾句“酒阑望断西河道”,却透露了作者的真实HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xinli/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>心理,实际上是为了排遣HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sixiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思乡HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/huairen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怀人的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/kumen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>苦闷。作者因HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhongyang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>重阳节而引起的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sixiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思乡HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/huairen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怀人之情,似乎还萦绕心头,只不过不愿明白对人道出罢了。
这首词的在HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yishu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>艺术上最明显的特点是HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xiejing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>写景的技巧。整首词描绘了一幅广阔的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shenqiu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>深秋HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shanshui/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山水图,层次井然。上片写自己的所在的西HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山,有近景:“高栋飞云,正在霜林杪”;有中景:“霜树重重青嶂小”。下片写由西HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山望东HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山,是远景:“翠色有无眉淡扫,身在西HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山,却爱东HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山好”,并且写到西HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山之间的河流:“流水极天横晚照”。通过多层次的描写,展现了晚秋HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shanshui/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山水的全景。而这些HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jingwu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>景物画面的转换和衔接又很巧妙,是一位身在高处的人的观察所见,使读者想到好像一架摄影机从高处移动着镜头,从西HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山的全景移到HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山巅的高栋飞云,又转到远处的东HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山下的流水、道路。“青嶂小”,正是从高处所见;“翠色有无”,则是遥望所及,都是从一个中心视点出发拍摄的镜头。词中对整个画面的设色,以素朴的淡色调为主,从平淡中又透出一种丰富;重重霜树的黄叶与白霜,远HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山似有若无、如蛾眉淡扫一般的浅浅的翠色,流水的青碧和晚照的红色,相映相衬,显示出“秋容”虽老,但却富有特殊的美感。在这种背景之下,词人抒写出一种若隐若现的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xiangsi2/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>乡思,使全词形成了一种高旷中略带沉郁的格调。