小绿间长红,露蕊烟丛。花开花落昔年同。惟恨花前携手处,往事成空。
山远水重重,一笑难逢。已拚长在别离中。霜鬓知他从此去,几度春风。
词的上片先写春日HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花开的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jingse/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>景色,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/gankai/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感慨物是人非,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/wangshi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>往事成空此。HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/kaitou/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>开头两句着力渲染HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花草的繁密茂盛,其中暗含着相比之下人不如HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花的意思,但HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shuqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>抒情主人公并没有沉浸在HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/choumen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>愁闷、虚无的情绪中,而且很顺畅地过渡到了第三句“HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花开HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花落昔年同”。“HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花开HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花落昔年同”言外之意是:人却不同了,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情变了,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/aiqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>爱情毁了,人也老了。接下触景HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shanghuai/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>伤怀。当年曾在HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花前携手同游,今日HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花开依旧,而HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/wangshi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>往事不复。这也像他在《归田乐》中所写的:“对HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花又记得,旧曾游处”。前三句写HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chunjing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春景,虽未点染如何美丽,也未写如何HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xiaose/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>萧瑟,只淡淡叙写。笔锋一转,“惟恨”二字,使人顿觉前面所写春影也都染上愁容。
换头写相逢之难,有词人要另寻HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhiyin/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>知音之意,一个“拚”字,却表明了他对HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/aiqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>爱情的决心,使这首诗的格调胜出其他HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/huairen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怀人词一筹。
下片HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/gantan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感叹HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhongfeng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>重逢之难,但已作好长期忍受HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/libie/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>离别之苦的准备,即使等待到两鬓成霜,也在所不惜,表现出HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情的深沉,也表现出较高的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jingshen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>精神境界。“HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山远水重重”,写道路阻隔,人各一方。“一笑难逢”,是说难得再见佳人一笑。HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/guren2/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>古人有HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/moiren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>美人一笑千金之说。南朝梁王僧孺《宠姬》诗写道:“再顾连城易,一笑千金买”。这首词中“一笑难逢”有两层意思:一说当年曾见佳人一笑,已经十分难得,如今HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shanshui/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山水相隔,不能HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/qiwang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>期望再逢佳人一笑了;二说有了当年“一笑”,即使长在HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/bieli/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>别离中也心甘情愿了。从当年“携手”,到如今已是鬓发如霜,彼此没有机会相逢;而从今以后,依旧是HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shanshui/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山水相隔,不知还要度过多少HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花开HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花落的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chuntian/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春天,那么,对“HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/wangshi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>往事”的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhuiyi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>追忆也会年年依旧吧?
词家将旷远深重的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yuanqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怨情融入词中,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情真挚,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/youyuan2/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>幽怨弥深。通篇似直而纡,似达而郁,堪称词中胜境。借HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花开HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花落言HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/lianqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>恋情变故,“霜鬓”更知“一笑难逢”。词意含蓄,哀婉凄切,余味无穷。
末二句以“鬓已成霜”这一最有代表性的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/bianhua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>变化,表现HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/libie/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>离别之人的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sinian/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思念之深,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/ziran/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>自然而深婉。同时这首词也抒发了对景HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shangchun/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>伤春HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shangbie/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>伤别的淡淡HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chouxu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>愁绪,并无更多深意。