蝶恋花·京口得乡书鉴赏

原文

雨后春容清更丽。只有离人,幽恨终难洗。北固山前三面水。碧琼梳拥青螺髻。

一纸乡书来万里。问我何年,真个成归计。白首送春拚一醉。东风吹破千行泪。

赏析

  词开篇HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xiejing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>写景,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yuhou/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨后HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chuntian/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春天的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jingse/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>景色更加青翠美丽,可是那远离HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/guxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>故乡的人,深沉的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chouhen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>愁恨总洗不去。物我对照,更反衬出HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xiangsi2/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>乡思之深。以下接着写北固HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山一带碧水环HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山的秀丽HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jingse/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>景色。弧形的江面,仿佛是碧玉梳子,苍翠的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山峰好像是HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/moiren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>美人的发髻。上片主要HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xiejing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>写景,在作者笔下展开的是一幅HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山清水秀的清丽的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chunjing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春景,眼前的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/tuhua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>图画般的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/moijing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>美景,却钩起了作者无尽的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xiangchou/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>乡愁,在这里作者运用了物我对照乐景衬HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/aichou/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>哀愁的写法,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shanshui/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山水虽美,但终不是自己的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/guxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>故乡。

  词的下片紧承上片侧重写自己的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sixiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思乡的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xinqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>心情。作者落笔对面,先不直接写自己如何HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sixiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思乡,而是写收到乡书一封,“问我何年,真个成归计”从这些语句中可以体会到词人的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jiaren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>家人急盼远方的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/youzi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>游子HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/guijia/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>归家的殷切HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xinqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>心情,以虚写实,更可见作者难耐HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sixiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思乡之情。HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jiaren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>家人盼归,可是作者回乡的日程还是遥遥无期,面对无可奈何的局面,作者只能是借酒浇愁面对东HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风抛洒热泪了,所以结句说“回首HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/songchun/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>送春拼一醉,东HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风吹破千行泪”我只有回头拼命HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hejiu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>喝酒,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/songchun/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>送春归去,春HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风倒还多情,抹去我的行行泪涕。

  最后这两句不回答乡书中的问题,而是以HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chunguang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春光易逝借酒浇愁作结,但是有家难归之意已溢于言表。这种不答之答比直接回答具有更强烈的感染力量,充分抒发了他那种难以言状的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sixiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思乡之情。

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