高柳春才软,冻梅寒更香。暮雪助清峭,玉尘散林塘。那堪飘风递冷,故遣度幕穿窗。似欲料理新妆。呵手弄丝簧。
冷落词赋客,萧索水云乡。援毫授简,风流犹忆东梁。望虚檐徐转,回廊未扫,夜长莫惜空酒觞。
上片起首四句,勾绘一幅梅柳林塘春HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪图,清峭而疏淡。高柳春才软,冻梅寒更香。暮HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪助清峭,玉尘散林塘——先点明是春HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪中梅放,艳丽无比。梅香HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪色,韵胜格雅,纯洁坚韧,历代词客骚人,常常借以托言喻志。周邦彦从“玉尘”之典取意,重在HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xiejing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>写景。那堪飘HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风递冷,故遣度幕穿窗。似欲料理新妆,呵手弄丝簧。词人似转入HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xieren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>写人。以下“那堪”四句,写出内庭寒冷之状。飞舞的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花,穿窗度幕,随HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风飘进室内,犹如料理新妆,手弄丝簧。HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/niren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>拟人新颖,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/lianxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>联想生动。
下片对景HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shuhuai/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>抒怀,由人及己,写出了词人宦游HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/taxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>他乡、对酒销愁的情感。面对HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪景,不禁HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sinian/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思念故园,援笔授简,却又想起梁园旧事。昔日的司HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/ma/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>马相如对HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪作赋,人虽已没而余韵流HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风宛在;词人自己虽也曾汴京献赋,而今却是如此的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/qiqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>凄清HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/luomo/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>落寞,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shiyi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>失意沉沦。借典运事,曲书胸臆,显得蕴藉深厚。HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jiewei/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>结尾三句由虚而实,从沉思中回归HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪景,顾影自怜,谓聊且长夜痛饮,HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/ziwo/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>自我慰藉,不致辜负了这场HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪。“虚檐”的空虚与“凹廊”的曲折,恰似词人此时此刻的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sixiang2/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思想HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情。词人在冷落、萧索中,执笔挥写,多少HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/wangshi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>往事萦绕心头,多少HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chousi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>愁思难以平静,在凌空的房檐下徘徊,也无心打扫回廊,只有“莫惜空酒觞”了。端起盛满酒的杯子,一杯一杯,自斟自饮,一醉方休。
全篇索物寄意,融心境与外物为一体,深得离合之妙。