江上阻风

　　清康熙十一年（1672），宋琬“投牒自讼，冤始尽白”，冤情得以昭HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪，年近HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花甲的宋琬再次被清廷起用，授与四川按察使。本诗即写于赴任途中。

　　前两句直抒胸臆，“无聊”直接点明此时的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xinqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>心情，“倚舵楼”是他此时HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jingshen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>精神无所寄托的真实写照。舟行瞿塘峡，HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风大浪猛，水流湍急，诗人被阻停留于此，百无聊赖的以昏睡来消磨HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shiguang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>时光，睡醒之后更加无聊，于是倚靠在舵楼上眺望：瞿塘峡HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山势险要，壁立如削；波涛汹涌，奔腾呼啸，令人惊心动魄；遥遥西望，漫漫长路，不知何处是尽头！诗人一语双关表面写瞿塘峡的险要景观，实际是指自己的仕宦之路的险恶漫长：自己无故被人诬告下狱，而今再次踏上HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shitu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>仕途，诗人不禁一阵惊惧惶恐。

　　这两句运用了HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/biyu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>比喻、夸张、HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/niren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>拟人的修辞手法。第三句以巨浪HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/biyu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>比喻HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhenHRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/gre/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人泪，同时妙用夸张；第四句以浪HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/biyu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>比喻白发，把HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/changjiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>长江HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/niren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>拟人化，手法新奇！

　　诗人远HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/lijia/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>离家乡，想到家中的妻儿，不禁潸然泪下，泪水滴落江中，化作滚滚的滔天巨浪咆哮着、怒吼着似乎发泄着心中的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yuanfen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怨愤。一夜西HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风，流更急，浪更大，仿佛HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/changjiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>长江也被HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风浪所阻。江水翻腾，浪HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪白；诗人伫立HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风中，白发飘飘，HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chujingshangqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>触景HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shangqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>伤情，心有戚戚：故园之思，HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jilu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>羁旅之愁，HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shitu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>仕途之苦......，种种复杂的情感“才下眉头，又上心头”。“以我观物，物皆着我之色。”诗人的身心与HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/changjiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>长江融为一体，我即江水，江水即我，诗人的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/chouku/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>愁苦也融入了江中，朵朵浪HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花不正是满江的白发吗！

　　本诗用语奇丽，HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/biyu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>比喻清新，HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/woiwan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>委婉含蓄；HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yuqingyujing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yuqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>寓情于景，情景交融，路悠悠、HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/zhenHRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/gre/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人泪、巨浪、西HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风、白头这些意象渲染了HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/qiqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>凄清HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/beiliang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>悲凉的气氛，抒发了诗人对HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/jiaxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>家乡的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sinian/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思念和对官场HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/shenghuo/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>生活的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/yanjuan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>厌倦之情，同时也流露出诗人在高压统治之下惊惧惶恐、HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/fenmen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>愤懑HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/beiliang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>悲凉的HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/sixiang2/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思想HRef=https://www.qijian.info/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情。